The Road Summed up

What would you do if you had lost everything? Everything and everyone you had ever loved was gone due to tragedy. The world is gloomy and ashened. The term ‘society is no longer a familiar word. People have regrouped in clan like packs and you are alone. When the world has fallen apart what do you hold on to? The book ‘The Road' by Cormac McCarthy faces a similar situation. Most have already lost their humanity, however, some strive to keep what it left of what they used to be.Putting all of the gruesome sights of heads on sticks and cannibals aside, there are truly some ndividuals trying to keep their hearts warm and whole. The boy and his attempts to help the helpless, the father and his struggle to stay alive, and the family at the end of the novel are all acts of the struggle of humanity. Throughout the book the boy probably most often keeps his humanity more so than any other. It's almost as if without him humanity would cease to exist. â€Å"You're not the one who has to worry about everything. † â€Å"He looked up, his wet and grimy face. Yes I am, he said.I am the one. † (Cormac, 218) I was never very sure if the eason why he wanted to help others was because of who he was as a person or if it was due to the fact that he was Just a child and it was matter of his innocence. There are numerous incidences of which this shows. For example, there's a part in the novel where the man and the boy find a man struck by lightning on the side of the road. The man says that there was nothing that they can do for him. The boy becomes so overwhelmed he begins to cry right there on the spot because he too was helpless in this situation.Earlier they came across an old man by the name of Ely. His age made im fragile and the boy couldn't help but recognize this. He was so set on feeding this man he had an argument with his father, the only other person he truly has in this world Just because he wanted to help another. In the end the boy won, and Ely wound up staying with the pair a few extra days. My final significant note to the boys humanity is the man on the side of the road who the father was seeking vengeance toward. In the middle of winter, he stripped him of his clothing and left him there.The man made a comment about not having killed him though the boys rebuttal was But we did. We did kill him. † (219) He says this knowing that he will freeze to death. This was a changing point for the boy in particular. Another character that truly tries to keep his humanity is the father also known as the man. I am aware that he has had his slip ups, although, his most notable and important act of keeping humanity is trying to stay alive as long as possible for his child and to keep him alive as well. â€Å"My Job is to take care of you. I was appointed to do that by God. I will kill anyone who touches you.Do you understand? † (65) Is that ot what any parent in the common, regularly functioning world would do? Of cou rse, and because of this continuing act it is his most significant in humanity to be clung too. Despite his illness of accompanied cough and blood he still does everything he can to preserve and continue to take his child passed the limitations of his body while also fghting off the bad guys Just to keep him safe. There's also the matter of ‘having the fire' which can be referred to the boy and man as being the good guys. â€Å"You nave to carry the tire. † â€Å"l dont know now to. † mies you do.It's inside you. † 23 This is something that the father consistently trues to instill within his son if incase he does go, he knows who he is and what he is capable. Throughout everything trying to remain positive to keep them both going. Another small quip of humanity that I thought was nice is when they find a vending machine of cola (which the boy has never had) and the man refuses a sip Just so the boy can experience it. He does this because this new post-apoca lyptic world never allowed for him to have a childhood, and this experience is something that wouldVe been a part of it.Even in the darkness he man still finds ways to give the boy what he shouldVe but never had. My final ode to bits of humanity in this novel is the family. At the ending, once the boys father had died there was a family that had been keeping an eye on him. Once the father of the family came to check on the boy instead of killing him or taking his things he offered to take him in. What was also very heartwarming was that he understood how devastated he was, so even at a time where you always have to keep moving he allowed him time with his now deceased father. A real sweet bit was when the mother of the boys family hugged him.

Character Analysis of Lara Croft in the Tomb Raider Franchise Essay

This ‘attention to detail’ would seem to support the representation of Lara Croft as a cyber bimbo as there is a strong emphasis on her being a ‘sex symbol’. This view point is supported by the general media, despite the creator of Lara Croft (Toby Gards) intentions for her to be sexy â€Å"only because of her power†. This can be seen through Robert Ashley of Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine description of Lara Croft as the first video game character openly thought of as sexy plus moreover Publications like Play, GameTrailers, and PlayStation Magazine listed big breasts as one of the character’s most famous attributes. Her sex appeal is so great that male players perform in-game actions to make Lara Croft repeatedly say phrases and view closer camera angles of her bust, while pornography featuring the character has been distributed via the internet. This viewing is not helped by the clothing she wears throughout the games. An opossitional sexist view arises from the fact that she is even sexualised through her attire when partaking in the action of the game. Throught the various Lara Croft games her outfits change correspondlingly to the missions, all baring emphasis on the thighs and legs, becoming more and more revealing. Outfits such as the ‘Dressing gown’ ‘Bikini’ and ‘Evening Gown’ in particular help pay homage to her ‘unobtainable’ attriubtes which make her such an errotic charcter. This differs greatley from the other male gaming protagonists generally in the media such as Max Payne or Hitman. Where we see it the norm for lara to parade around shooting people in almost her underwear it would be a very different story if hitman turned up to his mission wearing only boxers instead of his infamous suit. My personal opinnion on Lara varies in the context in which she is portrayed. I believe elements of the concept of Lara Croft bring to mind the implications of Sex thus fitting one of the views as her being a ‘Cyber Bimbo’. However it is true that alot of her attributes and actions can also show her in a more positive light as a ‘Feminist Icon’. Lara is a tough, independent woman, and an adventurer, who confidenly flinch from fighting men. Her hobbies consist of free climbing and shooting, which are uncommon and emancipated for a woman and she therefore breaks away from traditional gender roles. Many can say she more closeley fits a stereotypically male role, which may be due to the orignal character concept being a male. Her success may be a result of her body being so excessively exaggerated thus providing an example of how women are being reduced to relative creatures who can only be defined by their relation to men. However it would be an unfair argument to simply pin her success on her ‘enourmous boobs’ and ignore the other defining features of this likeable character. Lara Croft as a game in many ways can be as a respectable product. being one of the first female protagonists she helped expand the market to a wider audience, inviting more female gamers. The majority of the ‘Cyber bimbo’ critizism developed from the merchandise which appeared as part of the Tomb Raider franchise, such as magazine publications sporting lara in a sexually provacitive way, which was critized by the games designers and the commericials she features in, not the game itself.

Operating System Upgrade Plan

After the full investigation and the different failure scenarios have been taken into consideration a backup and disaster recovery plan can be considered Marriott, 2010). At this point a documentation of the Windows 2008 RE environment should be created and should include: Server configuration documents Server build documents Network diagrams Network device configuration SAN configuration Software documentation Service accounts and password documentation (Marriott, 2010). Windows Server 2008 RE has a built-in program that is a powerful backup system simply called Windows Server Backup that comes as part of the install.The Windows Server 2008 RE backup can backup and restore system, file, folder, and application data. Administrators can easily backup data to locally attached disk, network shares, and DVD writable media (Marriott, 2010). Describe operating system file and services security features. NUTS will be the chosen file service for HAS. NUTS is very popular and has been around since NT 3. 5. 1 The NUTS file system has all of the features needed and is highly reliable, scalable, secure, and manageable. NUTS is a good fit for HAS because of the healthcare facilities size and locations.NUTS not only supports large volumes, it will help with sharing permissions teens the healthcare facilities, 4 hospitals, 10 clinics, the physician's practice, and the research facility. Departments such as accounting and medical records do not need the same permissions and NUTS will allow for the correct paths to be setup (Marriott, et al. , 2010). Describe operating system configuration activities that support an appropriate hardware requirements solution. Before proceeding with the server installation certain prerequisites must be followed. Taking time to compile a list of needed items will allow for a faster installation.

The Importance of Processes in Reverse Logistics Essay

The Importance of Processes in Reverse Logistics - Essay Example least cost and highest efficiency). A reverse logistics operation is considerably different from forward logistics. It must establish convenient collection points to receive the used goods from the final customer or remove assets from the supply chain so that more efficient use of inventory / material overall can be achieved. It requires packaging and storage systems that will ensure that most of the value still remaining in the used good is not lost due to careless handling. It often requires the development of a transportation mode that is compatible with existing forward logistic system. Disposition can include returning assets into inventory pools or warehouses for storage, returning goods to the original manufacturer for reimbursement, selling goods on a secondary market, recycling assets, or a combination that will yield maximum value for the assets in question. Reverse logistics, simply put, comprise all activities associated with a product/service after the point of sale, the ultimate goal to optimize or make more efficient aftermarket activity thus saving money. However, easy as it may looks , the processes involved requires a large degree of considerations coupled with careful planning. Speed of retrieval is the primary measure of efficiency and ... Speed of retrieval is the primary measure of efficiency and the choice of the method of transportation is the primary determinant of speed. Unlike in the distribution system where deliveries are made to stationary locations, retrieval would often require door-to-door visits. This is especially a problem in hard to access areas where travel would be tedious and costly. A decision has to be made on what method would be efficient. It may require a combination of measures such as carriers (trucks) for aggregate acquisition and vans/ordinary passenger vehicle for unit acquisition. Now what was stated above is only the acquisition part. There is also the delivery of the warehoused materials to the processing site. Since transportation will now be in terms of aggregate terms, a carrier must be assigned. In all these process, there is the possibility of problems suddenly appearing. In some case, carriers may always experience breakdowns or may get lost from trying to find the retrieval point. This would generally lead to higher costs as maintenance and fuel expenditures become large. Transportation may be outsourced and these would generally necessitate an analysis of current market rates. Again, the efficiency of the carrier should be evaluated as they may prove to be too costly for hiring and ineffective for the planned process. Warehousing A logistician's main problem in warehousing Returned products is how to store them until a decision is made on what to do with them. The returned products will require space - that is a fact that every logistician should realize and the firm can not relegate the storage of returning products to others in a way they can when they are distributing new products. Additional space would mean additional cost of handling to the

Characteristics of Language in Latino Community Essay

Characteristics of Language in Latino Community - Essay Example Latinos in the US are an example of a language community. Their main language is Spanish, but most of them adapted to English after they migrating to the US. Other than language, Latinos also share the same beliefs and cultural practices. The term Latino refers a section of the United States that originated from Latin America and the Spanish-speaking Caribbean. Latinos trace their history back in 1500 when Spaniards migrated to the US and settled in Texas, Florida and Mexico. Factors that contributed to their migration from Caribbean and Latin America in to the US included expansion of territory by the US, neoliberal economic policies in US, wars and military interventions, and forced cheap labour, among others.Moreover, the history of the Latinos has been overlooked and even forgotten in current discussions and debates over immigration, but it started developing in the late 1980s when more case studies were conducted in New York, Chicago, Texas, Los Angeles and other major cities. H owever, despite the fact that Latinos settled in the US and even adopted their culture, their proximity to the border, constant migration and close ties to their homeland helps them to replenish their culture (Stuart and Hirschberg 443).â€Å"Machismo† is a term that plays an important role among the Latino/Hispanic groups. They use it as a flattering word, which means courage to fight, honour and dignity, protecting ones name, keeping one’s word, respect for others, love for one’s family and affection for children....They use it as a flattering word, which means courage to fight, honour and dignity, protecting ones name, keeping one’s word, respect for others, love for one’s family and affection for children. It can also be used in order to influence a person’s behaviour and to distinguish between sexes. Other examples of word used by Latinos include Corazon which means heart in English, respecto-respect, dignidad-dignity, afecto-warmth and demonstratives, and sensibilidad-sensitivity. The Latinos are said to avoid competition or activities that set them apart from their own group. They claim that standing out among one’s peers places a person in great jeopardy; thus, it should be avoided as much as possible. Latinos say that European Americans are not trustworthy; hence, they teach their children to treat them with a lot of hostility and fear. For this reason, Latinos children do not believe that European Americans professionals want the best for them. Moreover, Stuart and Hirschberg (445), claim that Latinos children are not good at expressing themselves verbally; thus, they are not able to express their emotions to their friends, adults and authority figures. Properties of the Latino language community Since the Latinos started migrating into the US, their population has increased dramatically. Stuart and Hirschberg (448) claim that Latinos were estimated to reach 40 million and become the largest minority g roup in the US by 2010. The most affected states where Latinos have dominated are; New York, California, Texas and Florida. They are now transforming the Unite States into Latino dominated region due their increasing population. Also, they have significantly influenced culture, politics and economy of many states in the US.

Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management Essay - 4

Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that there is a significant shortage in the number of nurses around the globe. Many countries including the United States strive to deal with this problem since it’s the mandate of the respective governments to safeguard the health of its citizens. According to recent studies, the shortage is likely to worsen if responsible authorities do not take the appropriate corrective action. By 2020, estimates point that there will be a 36 % deficit in the number of nurses available to care for patients in the U.S if there are no corrective measures. The current deficit impedes the ability of the nation to handle all its medical cases and presents a cause for worry in the event of a disastrous health event. Therefore, nursing leadership and management have roles to play in correcting the current situation while also taking the future of nursing into consideration. It necessitates retaining current nurses and recruiting qualified ones to fill t he gap. There is a host of factors that cause the shortage of nurses. Some of these influences include high levels of nurse turnovers and poor nurse retention strategies, an ageing workforce, overworking of nurses poor working conditions, inadequate remuneration, shortage in the nursing faculty outputs and other better career options for women.   The strained relationship between hospital administrators, poor hospital staffing, and organization and personal reasons are the major influences causing increases in the rates of nurse turnover.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 12

Case Study Example That is, African Americans trying to rent an apartment can expect to encounter race discrimination at nearly one-third of the city’s apartment complexes, according to a city-funded study. Roughly 30 of 100 apartment complexes in the study were found to give â€Å"preferential treatment† to whites over African Americans who sought information on apartment availability and price. Regardless of evidence provided or allegations placed against an individual, all suspects are innocent until proven guilty. Thus, despite the fact that all facts and evidences are pointing towards Peters, my assumptions while working on this case was that as far as Square Deal Housing had evidence against Peters, Peters was innocent until when he will be proven guilty by the court. In order to analyze this information I used Box and Whisker Plot as the main analysis tool. Box and Whisker Plot is a data and information analysis tool used to show and analyze multiple sets of variation data on a single graph. After critical analysis of this case, I found that Square Deal Housing’s allegations against Peters were right and with sufficient roof, and that Peters had actually violated â€Å"Fair Share† rule. Hence, I advised him accordingly. What I can recommend for management is that they should adhere to â€Å"fair share† of the metropolitan area’s African American tenants. They should not use inability of African Americans to ay rents on time as excuse. That is, they should give all people equal chances regardless of their race or

AMERICAN HISTORY TEXTBOOK ANALYSIS AND COMPARISONS Dissertation

AMERICAN HISTORY TEXTBOOK ANALYSIS AND COMPARISONS - Dissertation Example Particular emphasis in the course of the research study shall be based on the perspective of the Southern American dwellers and that of British perspectives regarding the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968). These perspectives shall be taken from textbooks from these two locations namely South United States of America and Britain. The researcher is therefore interested in finding answers to the following specific objectives at the end of the current research study: 1. What were the causes of the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968)? 2. What are the specific events that were recorded during the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968)? 3. Who are the major protagonists who led the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968)? 4. How do the British educational curriculums through its textbooks perceive the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968)? 5. How does the American educational curriculum th rough its textbooks perceive the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968)? 6. What were the eventual results of the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968)? 7. ... This assertion is the general hypothesis underlying the current research, which the researcher is going to compare and contrast ten different textbooks from America and Britain to draw a conclusion on the assertion. Most often than not, the kind of ideas that people from these two setting have of the African American depends on the encounter that they have personally had with them in history. The researcher’s goal for the research will therefore be accomplished if at the end of the day a conclusion is drawn on whether or not Americans and British perceive the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968) from the same perception. Significance of the Study There are major academic and practical justifications that back the importance of the current research and why it is worth undertaking. In the first place, the successful conclusion of the present research work is going to be a major tool for the establishment of historical accuracy. This said against the backdrop that different textbooks from different setting such as America and Britain seem to portray the same case from different perspectives. In some cases, such a practice tends to distort and bend some of the facts behind history. With this text analysis research, a line will be drawn between the contrasting facts to establish historical accuracy. Another importance of this research work will be to enhance personality awareness creation. This will be done from the viewpoint where the true identity of the African American will be understood through their history. Indeed, the history of the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968) establishes a lot about the identity of the African American population because it brings to bear their dreams and

How to become a nurse practitioner, what are the prerequisites, how Research Paper

How to become a nurse practitioner, what are the prerequisites, how much money and how long it will take me - Research Paper Example A nurse practitioner is a high level nursing profession so it needs a properly acquired higher education. They can proceed like normal physicians due to the extensive knowledge they have acquired while becoming a nurse practitioner. They give primary care to the patients in hospitals and can diagnose or treat patients as well. The main responsibilities of nurse practitioners are to perform physical tests, prescribe physical therapy, ordering of diagnostic tests and other related errands. The major information which I required about this career is the education needed for being a nurse practitioner. Upon researching about the educational requirements for this career I came to know a lot about the career itself. It is not at all an easy task to become nurse practitioner because plenty of hard work and time is needed to become a good nurse. To become a nurse practitioner a master degree is required but in order to get that, first he or she needs to complete all the prerequisites in orde r to further carry on with the higher education. The prerequisite for master is a bachelors of science in nursing (BSN). The curriculum that BSN follows includes the course of anatomy, physiology, nutrition, microbiology and nursing. BSN completes in four years time just like other degrees. Additionally, the candidate for this program has to be a current license registered nurse. In order to get this license there is a criterion to follow, which varies from state to state. But usually what the candidate requires is the completion of an approved nursing program, passing the exam of National Council Licensure Examination or NCLEX-RN and last but not the least they need to have clinical experience in this field. After completion of degree, the applicants now need to complete Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) degree from an approved nursing program. The main aim of this degree is to prepare the student for specialty in a specific field and primary care. There are various topics that ar e taught in this program which include pathophysiology, advance nursing practice, ethics and other related courses. A Masters of Science in nursing degree is a minimum requirement for becoming a nurse practitioner. Even though master’s degree is enough in order to get into the profession of nurse practitioner but still most students do opt to get admission in doctoral degree program so that it helps them in increasing their career opportunities and expertise. This doctoral program teaches the students advanced methods of how to take care of the needs of the patients. It also helps them to pursue career in teaching and make difference in the field of teaching as well. The general topics that are taught in this doctoral program are capstone project, leadership, behavior complexity and population health. All these courses are taught to enhance the knowledge of these nurses so that they can use this knowledge to help other people and also to pass on this to their students. Other then the information about the education the next question which is also equally important is that how much time all of this takes. As a bachelors degree in nursing is required for this which is of four years, we can straight away add four years to this time. After this the Masters of Science degree in nursing is required which takes almost two to three years. Now, by simply adding up

Tata Motors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Tata Motors - Essay Example Tata Motors had conducted a series of acquisitions. In the year 2004, it had taken over Daewoo Commercial Vehicles which is one of the leading truck companies of South Korea. In 2005, it purchased 21% share of Hispano Carrocera, a bus maker corporation of Spain. In the year 2006, Tata Motors was involved in a joint business partnership with Marcopolo, a body making company of buses and coaches of Brazil. In the same year, Tata Motors had made mutual venture with a Thailand manufacturing company to produce and enter the market of pickup cars. In the year 2008, Tata Motors had purchased two British automobile brands namely Jaguar and Land Rover. Since 1961, Tata Motors has been increasing its international presence. Tata’s cars are exported in many countries of Asia Pacific, Middle East, South America, South East Asia and Europe. In previous 50 years since its inception, Tata Motors has shown tremendous growth. It has more than 4500 scientists and engineers, 25000 employees and in the year 2009–2010 its calculated earnings was approximately 20 billion USD (TATA Motors, 2011). About Tata Nano In the year 2008, Tata Motors had uncovered the cheapest car of India, Tata Nano. Tata Nano has become the yardstick among all the smaller vehicles. It has been made with proper regulatory safety necessities of Indian market. It is also an environment friendly vehicle which produces less CO2 emission than two wheelers vehicles of India. The bend body design and less weight has made Tata Nano a fuel efficient vehicle which provides dual benefit of reasonable transportation solution and low environmental pollution (TATA Motors, 2011). Marketing Context Before introducing any product in the market there is a need to conduct marketing research plan. The 4Ps of marketing is a useful tool to develop clear idea about success of any product in the market. It helps to define the target market i.e. the segment for which the product will be produced. The proper pricing of the product to meet the needs of target market must be performed. Subsequently, the place where the product will be availabl e must be decided and finally the product must be advertised with proper promotion to develop brand awareness among target audience. Marketing Issue to be Investigated This research will investigate the marketing strategy of Tata Nano and its success in the automobile market. Tata Nano was introduced publicly in the year 2008. Initially, it was produced in two versions which are deluxe and standard. The vehicle has

Success Is An Option I Choose Essay Example for Free

Success Is An Option I Choose Essay It is possible to be born into a successful family, but it is not possible to be born successful. The responsibility of being successful falls greatly upon me as an individual. While others can give an opinion, theory, or share their beliefs it is ultimately up to me to make my own decisions. At most I can adopt someone’s beliefs, I can imitate their actions, or even mimic their behaviors, but no one else is responsible for what happens in my life. It is up to me to put forth the hard work and dedication to reach the level of success that I desire. It is my personal responsibility to choose the path for my life and I choose success. I believe I have some good qualities that will help me to achieve my overall goal of being successful in everything that I do. The fact that I have the discipline to dedicate myself to any particular task is a great trait. While I know discipline and dedication are two great individual traits when they are combined I like to believe the meaning changes. To me it means that no matter the obstacles large or small, difficult or easy, I will stare down the face of challenges and not give in or up until my task is complete and obligation is fulfilled. The Ethical Lens Inventory (2012) says that my classical value is fortitude, â€Å"You demonstrate courage and steadiness in the face of obstacles†. This is a fair assessment of my personality. I will always fight for what I stand for and or believe in. Another trait I have that I think is important to my success is my willingness to learn from others. For every circumstance there is a negative and or positive and you I can learn from both. We have all heard the saying â€Å"You have to be a good follower to be a good leader.† There is no way you can acquire a managerial position and be good at it without being under an example of a good leader. So with the willingness to learn and the ability to be a good follower I know that I am and going to be an outstanding leader. Everyone is fallible including me, while my strengths are great qualities my weaknesses must be improved on to get where I want to go. One thing that I need to do is stop limiting myself. This might sound easy but I tend to get comfortable and settle when I feel like I’m in a good space. If I continue to settle for where I am at and not expand my vision I should expect the same outcomes. Joel Osteen’s book, Your Best Life Now (2004) stated, â€Å"You will never go beyond the barriers in your own mind. If you think you can’t do something, then you never will. The battle is in your mind. If you are defeated in your mind, you’ve already lost the battle.†(P.30). If I can’t see myself as a success, I will never be a success. Osteen (2004) stated, â€Å"Low expectations will trap you in mediocrity. You must think positive thoughts of victory, thoughts of abundance, thoughts of favor, thoughts of hope; good, pure excellent thoughts.†(p.17). That is another weakness that I have to improve on, the fact that I do not expect much is not good. I even try to justify it at times saying â€Å"If I expect the worse, then nothing bad c an happen.† I have to change that way of thinking to if I expect the worse then nothing but bad can happen. Positive thinking, positive planning, and positive action equals positive results. I have to want more for myself and not settle when I feel a little bit of comfort. As it pertains to college success it is up to me to put forth the dedication and hard work that I need to reach my goals. If I take nothing from every class I cannot blame the teacher. It is my responsibility to take what I am being taught and learn it. If I do not put forth the effort to learn it, no one else is going to be held accountable for my failures. It was a choice that I made to pursue a higher education, now it is my responsibility to keep reaching towards the finish line and achieve another goal. It is going to be my responsibility to study coarse material, and complete assignments that are given. Whereas my college success is important my family relationships also fall under something I want to be successful at. I pride myself on being a good father and a good husband, which also takes hard work, dedication to be disciplined. I want my family to be happy in their lives and also be proud of the man that I am. One more area that I want and need to be successful at is my professional life. I do not just want to make a lot of money; I want to be happy with what it is that I’m doing professionally. I’ve witness someone going to work at the same time every day, with the same attitude, not wanting to do it, but the pay was good. That is something that I am not willing to settle for. Keeping my family happy, being successful in my college studies and being successful in my professional life are three thing that I am focus on right now. I have made it my personal choice to be successful in all that I do. Therefore I have to make it my personal responsibility to not give up on   my dreams, goals, and ideas. I have identified my weakness and dedicated to improving them to better my efforts. I understand that my strengths can become weaknesses if I do not continue to work at them. Limiting myself is a big issue; I need to be courageous and jump knowing that there is a possibility that I will fall on my face, but if I don’t great things will happen. I know that I will face challenges, Osteen (2004) stated, â€Å"Certainly, none of us enjoy going through struggles, but you have to understand that your struggle may be an opportunity for advancement and promotion.†(p.210). I am committed to my success, bring on every obstacle, every challenge, I will press forward to my goal and face them with courage. I will never give up, submit, or accept defeat, I choose to be successful. Nothing is going to barricade me from my destination, as long as I continue to work on myself, who I’m personally responsible for. Bibliography Ethical Lens Inventory Report. (2012). Osteen, J. (2004). Your Best Life Now. New York, NY: Time Warner Book Group.

Who Was Right about Popular Culture Essay Example for Free

Who Was Right about Popular Culture Essay Popular culture or Pop Culture is the in thing today. Many people are up to it especially the youths. It emerged from different fields, from the latest fashion, latest gadgets, and latest celebrities – may it be actors or actresses or singers, latest movies, latest computer games, latest music, latest arts, to the latest party place or get away. Popular culture is something that almost every country has because in one way or another, every country influences one another. In this time, the central source of the popular culture is the United States of America and the European Countries. In the U. S., there is Hollywood which is the haven of different people who loves the latest trends in music, films, and celebrities. There is Tokyo in Japan, New York in the United States, Madrid and Italy in Europe which are the sources of the popular culture. Popular culture can be defined in many aspects, but there is one thing in common. Popular culture is characterized as impersonal. It is something that has a static dimension because popular culture changes over time. Its components are changing every time and it depends on what the season is. There are many known sociologists who write about the popular culture. There are many approaches in studying the popular culture. It has different interpretations. One of the most noted writers or thinkers of popular culture is C. L. R James and Theodor Adorno. Each of them has defined popular culture based on their sociological background and based on the thoughts they are in. As for C. L. R. James he has the Marxist influence, while Theodor Adorno was mainly influenced by Frankfurt School. The two sociologists tackle popular culture with different approach. With their given approach, it can be easily seen who is most right when it comes popular culture. In this paper I will discuss the premises they have given to come up with the right conclusion of who has the right in discussing and/or who is the better writer of the popular culture. Cyril Lionel Robert James, 1901-1989 C. L. R. James was born in Trinidad and Tobago. He went to Queen’s Royal College. He is considered as a social theorist and journalist. He is a member of Beacon Group which is related to The Beacon Magazine. The works of James are focused on the societal changes, the class status, and the types of society. He has been an activist of the equality of all men. He is the analyst of the changes in the society which has big effects on the world. But his works are all dedicated to his fellow Negros. His works are devoted for them. He has tried to uplift the status of Negroes around the world. Popular Culture for him is a hybrid of classic humanist reflexes and the receptivity in a postmodernist way to novelty, celebrity, and genre. He gave emphasis on the interplay among the creators, formats, audiences, and the capacity of people. This is based upon the production and consumption of different variations of art and entertainment. He is deeply committed to the discussion of humanist learning and popular protest. He also tapped politics and particularly the socialism. He said that culture has a commoditized form; this can be accounted to his deep attachment in literature and cricket. He said that mass audience has a big part in the emergence of classical drama and contemporary sport. The consumption of popular culture can be represented by the connection to literature and cricket. Thus, popular culture was brought about by the interaction of the individual artist and mass audience.

Human Capital Development in Malaysia

Human Capital Development in Malaysia The study intends to look into the Human Capital Development in Malaysia: Challenges and Prospects. In 10th Malaysia Plan, Federal Government is more focus on non- physical development (Human Capital Development). It shows that the ratio of allocation on non- physical projects and physical projects has changed from 22:78 during the 9th Malaysia Plan to 40:60 in the 10th Malaysia Plan. Due to the shift in allocation, we will evaluate the past performance of the 9th Malaysia Plan to the development of human capital development and whether the past performance can affect the sudden shift to the non- physical projects in 10th Malaysia Plan. After that, we will discuss further about the challenges facing by human capital development and its possible solutions. Moreover, we are also focus on the policies implemented, the impacts and also the future directions due to the increment of the human capital development. Keywords: Human Capital Development, Challenges and Prospects, Past Performance of Human Capital Development, Policies, Impacts, Future Directions. 2.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT Human capitals refer to the processes that related to the education, training and other professional initiatives in order to improve or increase the level of knowledge, skills, abilities, values and social assets. Non- physical projects are referring to the human capital development or skills development. Examples of non- physical projects are initiatives to enhance profession attractiveness and improve teacher performance, RD investments, skill and re-skilling programmed, venture funding geared and nurturing of technopreneurs. Human capital development is getting wider attention due to the globalization. Developing country is more emphasis on the development of human capital towards accelerating the economic growth by putting more efforts on it. Thus, human capital development is playing a very important role in Malaysian economy. Malaysia appears to be stuck in the middle income trap. It is going to be a challenge for Malaysia to achieve its Vision 2020 by the target year. One of the reason for Malaysia failed to escape from the trap is Malaysia unable to compete with other country such as Taiwan and South Korea. For Taiwan, it has been identified as one of the fastest growing economies for the past 50 years and its improvement also has been honored as economic miracle. Taiwan is well known for its high technology industries over the past two decades. It has been identified has the fourth largest information hardware and semiconductor industries in the world presently. Moreover, the high quality and innovative products that make from Taiwan are sold worldwide. The other reasons are Malaysia is lack of skilled workers. We are unable to attract skilled foreigners to our country while skilled Malaysians are leaving. If we compared with those advanced countries such as Norway and Switzerland, both of these countries are more focus on nurturing highly skilled human resources rather than expensive mega projects. However, the development of human capital in Malaysia is not as well-established as these countries. Why does this phenomenon occur? This might happened because of some of the reasons such as the previous administration are more focus on the expensive mega projects that causes the human resource development scheme failed to develop. Moreover, Malaysia is lack of skilled workforce and Malaysia hope can be more productive and innovative. As a result, it can explain that why the government will sudden shift the allocation for non- physical projects from the ratio of 22:78 during 9th Malaysia Plan to 40:60 during 10th Malaysia Plan. 3.0 OBJECTIVES We are going to discuss the six main objectives in our research paper. First of all, we are going to evaluate the past performance of the 9th Malaysia Plan to the development of human capital. It is to ensure that whether the commitment, outputs and the expected outcomes during the 9th Malaysia Plan can affect the shift in allocation for the non- physical projects (human capital development). Besides, we want to determine the factors that cause the increment allocation for the non- physical projects. We know that from the previous administration in which the government is more focus on the expensive mega projects, but our country is still stuck in the middle income. We are now in the critical juncture; the government soon realizes that to transform Malaysia into a high income and develop country, the development of the human capital is playing a very important role. Other than that, we want to identify the challenges facing by human capital development. We are either remaining in the middle- income group or advance to a high- income economy. To doing so, we need to change and seek solutions in addressing the global economic challenges and find its possible solutions. Moreover, the study is going to find out the policies implemented for the development of human capital. Strategy must be come out and implement to improve the human capital development in Malaysia. Finally, the study is aim to find out the impacts due to the increment of the human capital development to the growth of Malaysian economy and it is also want to identify the future directions of the development of human capital in Malaysia. 4.0 METHODOLOGY In our research, we referred to Secondary Data. Our data had been taken in statistics for skilled human capital, journals, articles and internet sources. One of the example of the materials we referred are the statistics of the skilled human capital during the 9th Malaysia Plan by Ministry of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource, Ministry of Youth and Sports and Construction Industry Development Board. Moreover, we are also referred to the Nine Malaysian Plan (2006-2010) and Tenth Malaysian Plan (2011-2015). 5.0 Literature Review In Malaysia, starting from Ninth Malaysia Plan, innovation capability was given attention. The development of human capital is very important in generating the economic performance in one country. There is a positive linkage between development of human capital and growth of Malaysia. Many studies had found that human capital affects many aspects at all level. Dension (1962) and Schultz (1961) state that human capital can increase an individuals wages, firms productivity and hence increase the growth of national economy. Besides that, Vinokur et al., (2000) also point out that the employment rate will increase due to the development of human capital. Lepak and Snell (1999) find that firm can strengthen core competence and comparative advantages through development of human capital. Aurora Teixeira Natercia Fortuna (2003) also confirm that human capital and indigenous innovation efforts are enormously important to the process of Portuguese economic growth during the period 1960-2001, through the R D. On the other hand, indirectly, through creative and innovation capability, showing that development of human capital is important to enable a country to gain the benefits. Rob A. Wilson and Geoff Briscoe (2004) in their report on vocational training research in Europ e: A review of the impact of human capital on economic growth focus on increase of investment in education training will lead to higher productivity. The relation between the investment in human capital and economic performance are reviewed through human resource management and so on. In our research paper, we will review on the challenges and prospect of the development of human capital. Besides that, we also will focus on the impact of the development of human capital on the short term and long term growth of Malaysia. We admit that there are some challenges in the future, but overall, the impact on investment in education and training on economic growth is positive and significant. Some policies are drawn to achieve the goal. The direction for future also predicted. 6.0 INTRODUCTION Human capitals refer to the processes that related to the education, training and other professional initiatives in order to improve or increase the level of knowledge, skills, abilities, values and social assets. Since independent in 1957, the economic activities of the country depended on the products such as rubber and tin in which it is playing an important role for the economic growth of the country. Under the twenty years plan which starts from 1970-1990, the economic of the country showed a stable growth from being an agriculture-based economy in1970s to industrial-based economy in 1980s. Due to the industrialization, the government soon realizes that human capitals in the industrial sector are the main driving factor for the countrys economic growth. As a result, the government began to develop the human resources in order to maintain economic growth and remain the competition in the global market. Human capital is getting emphasis since from the 1st Malaysia Plan until the 10th Malaysia Plan which is the most recent start from 2011-2015. For example, Malaysias Eighth Development Plan emphasizes on shifting the growth of the economy from the input driven economy towards knowledge driven economy. Moreover, it is also focusing on increasing the productivity and efficiency through human resources development, increasing RD as well as utilizing the latest technologies especially information communication technologies (ICT). Furthermore, Ninth Malaysia Plan has placed investments in human capital as the main thrust of its strategy. The aim of the 9th Malaysia Plan is in order to develop the efficiency and talented workforce thus can enhance the national productivity and growth. Although the government is putting emphasis on the development of human capital, Malaysia still cannot advance to a high-income economy. Malaysia still stuck in the middle-income trap and it is going to be a challenge for Malaysia its Vision 2020 by the target year. Under the 9th Malaysia Plan, 78% of the allocation was set aside for the physical development versus to just 60% for 10th Malaysia Plan. As a result, federal government realized the importance of human development and the improvement in the living standards thus it is more focus on the non-physical projects (human capital development) in the 10th Malaysia Plan. It shows that the ratio of allocation on non-physical projects is 40% versus to just 22% in the 9th Malaysia Plan. Examples of non-physical projects are initiatives to enhance profession attractiveness and improve teacher performance, skill and re-skilling programmes, RD investment, nurturing of technopreneurs and also venture funding geared. In the recent budget 2011 that announced by our Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Razak, Malaysia needs to move from the middle-income to transform into an inclusive and sustainable high-income developed country by 2020 which emphasizing the high-skilled human capital, efficient public services and also the equal opportunity for all Malaysians. Highly skilled labor especially scientists and engineers are important in order to support the further development of the economy growth. Thus, the government needs to implement the policies in order to enhance the productivity as well as attracting more high-skilled labor from abroad. 7.0 MID-TERM REVIEW OF THE 9th MALAYSIA PLAN(2006-2010)-DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL. During the first half of the 9th Malaysia Plan, the stable development was made in moving up the economy of Malaysia. There is a lot of evolutions were made in the new growth areas of service sector such as Information and Communication Technology (ICT), telecommunication, tourism, Islamic finance and shared service and outsourcing (SSO). Service sector was trying to transforms to the skilled intensive and high technology activities with the support by research and development (RD). The policy and strategy framework for the mid-term review of 9th Malaysia Plan is actually based on the five thrusts. Two among the five thrusts are related to human capital development. Thrust1: To move the economy up the value chain. In thrust 1, government is focus on enhancing productivity and competitiveness of the human capital. The supply of proficient workers with the necessary skills especially in Islamic banking finance, agriculture biotechnology will be increased due to the demand of the labor market. Besides, government will increase the intakes into skill training institutes as well as expand the offering of the specialized courses. Not only that, the linkages between university and industry will be enhanced by improving the curriculum design in order to produce graduates with the relevant knowledge and skills that required by industry. Thrust 2: To raise the capacity for knowledge and innovation and nurture first class mentality. In thrust 2, government putting a lot of effort in order to develop the human capital and it basically based on the five strategic. The first one is enhancing education quality, followed by making national school as the preferred choice, creating tertiary education institutions of international standing, developing quality RD and improving scientific innovative ability. Evaluation about the human capital development during 9th Malaysia Plan From the chart 1, we can know that the amount of skilled labor during 9th Malaysia Plan is increasing and the skilled labor in public sector is actually more than the private sector. In year 2005, there are total 76027 skilled labor in Malaysia while in year 2007, the total amount of skilled labor in Malaysia is 83202. Government was expected that the skilled labor in year 2010 will probably reach to 112745 peoples. Chart 2 shows that the share of labor force with high skill is always high in advanced countries. There are only 25% of the total workforce in Malaysia composed of highly skilled workers in year 2007, compared to significantly higher proportion in Singapore, Taiwan and Korea. Singapore is only a small country without the support of natural resources. However the skilled labor in Singapore is much higher than Malaysia. There are 49% of them are skilled labor in Singapore while for Taiwan and Korea, there are 33% and 35% respectively of them are skilled labor. Therefore, we can conclude that even though the skilled workers in Malaysia during 9th Malaysia Plan is increasing but it is only increase in a very little amount. Malaysia still cannot compete with others developed countries. The transformation to becomes a knowledge-based economy have increased the demand for knowledge workers. Thus, a lot of effort is needed in order to achieve high income nation and also Vision 2020. 8.0 FACTORS THAT CAUSES SHIFT IN ALLOCATION Previous administration focusing on building infrastructure In the previous administration, the government is more focus on building infrastructures, while various human resource developments failed to transform Malaysia into a high-income and develop country. This can prove during the Mahathir era which was characterized by expensive mega projects such as a $2.4 billion Bakun Dam hydroelectric project; Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) that cost a $2.36 billion; an $8.1 billion for the building infrastructure of the new administrative capital (Putrajaya); and the $752 million PETRONAS Twin Towers. The Bakun Dam is the second largest dam in the world, after the Three Gorges in China. In the process of built this dam, there are about 69,640 hectares of forest ecosystem being completely destroyed when the water is impounded behind the dam. For Mahathir, this kind of expensive mega projects can serve as a catalyst for the economic growth. For us, we will feel that, instead of building such dam that can harm the environment, the government should focus more on the human resources development. For example, government can invest more money in education or skill training programmes. This will be much better because a countrys economic growth is highly depends on a better allocation of human resources. During the Budget 2011 Plan that announced few weeks ago, our Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak proposed to build a 100-storey mega tower along with other mega projects. This mega tower is cost about RM 5 billion in which it is a huge of money. The building, named Warisan Merdeka or Heritage of Independence would be the tallest in Malaysia compare with the PETRONAS Twin Towers that completed in 1998. After our Prime Minister announced the plan during the Budget 2011, many people are voice out against the building of the mega tower. The citizens think that the project as being more detrimental to Malaysia rather than beneficial. If compared with other high income advanced countries such as Norway and Switzerland, both of these countries are much focus on nurturing highly skilled resources rather than all these kinds of building infrastructures. Based on the chart 3, we can see that the shift in allocation for the non-physical projects and physical projects under the 9th Malaysia Plan and 10th Malaysia Plan. From the pie chart, we can see that during the 9th Malaysia Plan, physical projects are putting emphasis which is 78% versus 60% in the 10th Malaysia Plan. While in the 10th Malaysia Plan, non-physical projects are getting more important which included 40% if compare with 22% under the 9th Malaysia Plan. Lacking of skilled workforce Highly skilled labor is required to support the further development of the economy. The Star Online, 6th August 2010 stated that only 23% of Malaysias 11 million workforces are skilled, including those with higher education degrees. This make Malaysia as one of the country with the least qualified workers in the region. Besides, Singapore has more than 40% of the skilled labors while the country likes Hong Kong, Taiwan and South Korea, its skilled labors are over around 40%. In the Western Europe, the percentage of the skilled labors is even higher than 70%. The Star Online, 6th August 2010 also stated that the Deputy Human Resources Minister Datuk Maznah Mazlan said that the lacking of the skilled and qualified workers in Malaysia can slowdown the economic growth and the economic progress within the country. Moreover, the low number of the qualified workers would not attract so much foreign direct investment (FDI), thus, it may be challenges for Malaysia to transform into a high inc ome and develop country by its target year. Other than that, the Minister of the Human Resources also hopes that by the end of the 10th Malaysia Plan, the countrys percentage of skilled workers must increase to 37%. In addition, the government is also plan to increase the salary because with highly skilled it must met with the higher salaries. To move the economy to high value chain, it is important to develop the potential to innovate and create new technology as well as design much more new products. Our Science and technology and Research and Development were partly constrained by the short of scientists and engineers. The number of scientists and engineers per million populations in year 1998 was 500 compared with 2600 for the country like Singapore and Korea. In addition, during 2004, Malaysia had only 21 research scientists and engineers for every 10,000 workforce. In the 9th Malaysia Plan, the target was set to achieve 50 per 10,000 workforces by the year 2010. Due to this, the government had implemented the National Brain Gain Programmes, it is aim to attract scientists and engineers worldwide to conduct research and development (RD) in Malaysia. Policies are also very important in order to increase the ability of the education system to enhance the mobility of the workers as well as attracting more highly-skilled labors from abroad. Malaysia wants to be driven by productivity, innovation and no longer by factor accumulation Productivity and innovation are needed to drive the economy. To achieve the Vision 2020, Malaysians need to be more productive and innovative. The Vision 2020 sets new and higher goals for the national aspiration and changed the way Malaysians behave. Factor accumulation here is refer to the labor and capital that will produce goods and services in the economy and in the long run, it will produce output thus can increase the economic growth. When the labors are driven by productivity and innovative, it can directly make them to be more productive in order to use the capital and technology more efficiently. Eventually, this will improve their performance towards their jobs. When the labors are become more productive, eventually it can enhance the competitiveness between the firms. Hence, it can stimulate the economic of our country. 9.0 CHALLENGES SOLUTIONS The Government of Malaysia is committed to develop the human capital; however, it is still a long journey to go. Malaysia still stands at the starting point of the development of human capital. Malaysia in the way transforming to knowledge based economy, believes that developing the human capital is compelling. Concomitant with development of human capital, there are some challenges have emerged. The first one is inappropriate of the education system. The education system did not meet with the expectations and demand of the job market. It causes the rising unemployment among graduates. There are total 70% graduates unemployed. Table 1 shows the statistic of the unemployment among university graduates (include foreign graduates). The statistic shows that there are total 20thousand graduates are unemployed. There are 16.2% are from the University of Technologi Mara, which is double to the second highest one, 7.6% from University Utara Malaysia. Only 0.2% is from the Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. From the data, we can know that the skills they learn are mismatch with the demand of the market. Malaysia education system is a cap with memorizing without critical thinking and practical or analytic skills to improve creativity. It does not make any sense to the demand of the job market. To face this challenge, it is compulsory to review the school curriculum to generate creativity. Curriculum should be designed to ensure graduates equipped with relevant knowledge and skills that meet the requirement of job markets. Life-long learning should be promoted. Students can gain extra knowledge not only from the school but also from other sources. Habit of study should not be encourages in schooling hours only, but have to maintain among the whole life. Teacher also can use interactive multimedia technology to promote teaching. Second challenge is the brain drain problem. There were about 700,000 talented Malaysians working abroad. Below are the statistics about the emigration of employed person. Table 2 shows that the number and percentage distribution of employed persons by migration status, Malaysia, 1992, 1997, 2002 and 2007. At year 1992, there are 7,047,800 of Malaysians are employed with 0.8% are migrant abroad and at the year of 2007, there are 0.5% of Malaysia are emigrate from the total of 10,538,100 people. Instead, this phenomenon is due to pull factor such as high wages from overseas and push factor such as unfair problem in Malaysia. Malaysia brain drains problem appears to be picking up speed. According to recent report, 140,000 after the country and this figure more than doubled to 350,000 between 2008 and 2009. We are now losing talented people and one of the main problems is the flight of graduates. To take over the challenge, Dato Sri Najib Tun Razak had announced and formulates policies to encourage highly-educated immigrants to go back, which is Malaysia Talent Corporation. This policy also aimed to seize the countrys growing brain drain problem. Malaysia Talent Corporation is to find out the reason that can make them to consider going back to Malaysia and at the same time generate more business prospects and pay them higher wages than global wages. Besides that, government of Malaysia also can invest in other potential talented people to expand countrys capacity to generate p eople skilled in enabling technologies that drive the knowledge economy, either in domestic or from foreign. The third and also the last challenge are workers attitude and mindset toward their job. It found that it is easy for the worker to enhance the skills, but not the attitude. Workers are mainly not committed to the job, not full attendance and traditional thinking. Furthermore, the worst is the employees are found that they are lack commitment in learning and training. To overcome this challenge, first of all, workers have to change their mindset and attitude. The company also can deal the challenge through empowerment. Corporations can humanize the work environment so that management and employees can work together to enhance the productivity and achieve greater personal and professional success. Through the empowerment, it can involve employees in taking responsibility for improve them and encouraging employees to play more active role in their work. 10.0 POLICIES STRATEGIES To achieve vision 2020 associated with high income nation, there need some policies and strategies to achieve the outcomes. Malaysia First Human Capital Development Report launched by Ministry of Science, Technology Innovation (MOSTI), Malaysian Biotechnology Corporation (BiotechCorp) and global research house Frost Sullivan to access development of human capital in field of life science and biotech. This Malaysia First Human Capital Development Report targeted to access the needs of the biotech industry in order to meet the qualified and talented Malaysians in biotechnology. The report is an instrumental to move Malaysia forward. The first important step to move it forward is the continued expansion coactions in lab, universities, companies and so on in domestic or international. Besides that, through the report, it can provide the excellent platform for bridge the skills gap in the biotechnology sector. It also can facilitate the professionals through nurturing local talents or sourcing them outside from Malaysia. The report shows the result with evident that there was an increase demand of job in bio technology sectors. Jobstreet shows a list that 41,000 of people had successful being employed under biotechnology industry. The increased requirement of professionals is the successful of the implementation policies and strategies. The other policies and strategies that had implemented is National Key Result Area (NKRA). NKRA is introduced by our Prime Minister, Dato Seri Najib Abdul Razak to improve Malaysians lives. The education NKRAs is targeted at improving student outcomes and is anchored upon four areas: (i) Pre-school enrolments rates, (ii) High performing schools, (iii) Literacy and Numeracy Screening (LINUS) programme, and (iv) New deal for head teachers and principals. To this end, High Performing Schools (HPS) and the School Improvement Programme (SIP) are two strategies that have been adopted in the part of the NKRA. High Performing Schools is improvement of the learning environment. Through HPS, a well-designed school with adequate facilities will built to perform at a highest level, truly enhance the performance and make the learning become more fun and enjoyable. While School Improvement Programme also aimed to increase the performance of school to international level associated with HPS. Beside s that, student outcome can be improving through a quality education such as Government Transformation Programme. There are four imperatives to to improving student outcome, which is ensure every child succeeds, hold schools accountable for changes in student outcomes, invest in great leaders for every school and attract and develop top teachers. Research has found that an improvement in the performance of the school lead to a positive impact on student outcomes. 11.0 IMPACTS Malaysia manage to achieve Vision 2020 on the target year Malaysia is a country which is really very rich in natural resources. However the wealth in natural resources was not sufficient to cause Malaysia to achieve a developed nation status. Vision 2020 will successfully achieve if human resource development is being given top priority by the government of Malaysia. No one could ever deny that investment in human capital is an essential requirement for Malaysia to achieve the status of industrialization. The high educational level of the citizens is one of the characteristics of developed nations. Every child is a national treasure and future leader to our country, despite of which races they are. Therefore, human capital development that is start from childhood is very important in order to raise the children with good values and knowledge. The national education system which is focus on philosophy skills, personality building, creativity, innovation and competitiveness can nurture the citizens who are excellent in morality and qualified in physical and mental. In addition, Malaysia is also not suppose to forget that to put more effort in build more schools, hostels, facilities and equipment modernization, as well as maintain the quality of the teaching profession. If we really could make it, Malaysia can really be a united nation by 2020, with a confident Malaysian society, imbued with strong moral and ethical values, living in a society that is democratic, broadminded, compassionate, and in full ownership of the economy, competitive, self-motivated, trustworthy and sustainable. Malaysia moving towards high quality human capital In this increasingly competitive world, most of the nations are putting their attention on the knowledge, talents and skills of the populace. In 10th Malaysia Plan, the allocation for non-physical infrastructure will be increased to 40%, compared with 21.8% in 9th Malaysia Plan. From that we can know that there is a lot of effort which is putting by the government in order to develop the non-physical projects such as skills development and strong innovation capabilities. As to ensure the workers to own the necessary relevant skills and be able to adapt to a speedily and continuously changing global technological and business environment, Malaysia is starting to focus on retraining and upgrading of skills of both employees and employers. Thus, there are more skilled and knowledge-based workers in Malaysia by year 2020. Private sector was also been encouraged to invest in non-physical infrastructure and provide skill training services to their workers. They will emphasis on build a wor kforce which expertise in technology, management and have entrepreneurial potential. By this, the development of non-physical project will be more efficient since private sector and government work hard together to fulfill the goal to becoming a high quality human capital nation. Skilled labor is an important asset to enhance nations competitiveness in the global market. According to the latest IMD World Competitiveness Scoreboard 2010 Report, Malaysia was at 10th position. It was higher than China which was only ranking 18th. This was really a great achievement for Malaysia to motivate the citizens for moving forward and remain competitive on the global front. Improvement in RD sector RD is important especially in science and technology sector. For example, if the world wants to reduce its dependence on fossil fuel that causing the global warming, scientists need to find some clean and cheap alternative that require little energy to replace the reliance of the fossil fuel. All of these need a lot of research and experiment to make it a success. The European Commission reported in 1997 that even though Malaysia is the worlds third largest exporter of EE products, but then Malaysias RD intensity was relatively low and the amount of scientists and engineers

St Augustine and classical education Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Saint Augustine and Classical Education   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Saint Augustine’s deeply personal work, Confessions, he shares the story of his life up to his eventual conversion to the Christian faith. His odyssey through life is, at times, one of bitter inner conflict between his intellect and faith. Augustine’s classical education had a profound affect on the way he viewed the world, and eventually had a major affect on the way he approached Christianity. He is definitely an â€Å"intellectual† Christian, and viewed many aspects of his faith from this perspective. Augustine’s attitude towards classical literature and thought was at times slightly self-contradictory. It is clear, however, that although he was grateful for the education he was given, it was not necessary to his conversion. At many points throughout his life, his education actually seemed to hinder his flight towards Christianity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Augustine continually incorporated Bible verses and passages into his own writing, artfully blending the Scriptures in with his own views. His attitude toward intellect is best illustrated by this short passage in Corinthians: â€Å"For the foolishness of God is wiser than man’s wisdom, and the weakness of God is stronger than man’s strength†¦ but God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise; God chose the weak things of the world to shame the strong† -(Corinthians 25-28) Augustine believed that the pursuit of wisdom without recognizing the importance and the power of God was useless. In his view it was a sin for a man to have that much pride and arrogance about his own intellect. Augustine recalled that as a very young man he himself succumbed to excessive pride. He fervently desired the recognition and prestige that came with being an accomplished rhetorician. He â€Å"squandered the brains [God] gave [him] on foolish delusions.† (I, 37) Augustine considered his pursuit of worldly wisdom a futile effort at this point in his life because he did not fully understand the meaning behind what he was learning. â€Å" I read and understood by myself all the books that I could find on the so-called liberal arts, for in those days I was a good-for-nothing and a slave to sordid ambitions. But what advantage did I gain from them? I read them with pleasure, but I did not kno... ...p of faith.† He knew then that he had to leave part of his philosophical pursuits behind and commit himself fully to Christ. â€Å"For I felt that I was still the captive of my sins, and in my misery I kept crying ‘How long shall I go on saying, â€Å"tomorrow, tomorrow†? Why not now? Why not make an end of my ugly sins at this moment?’† (VIII, 177)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Augustine then heard a child say â€Å"Take it and read, take it and read,† and he interpreted that as a divine command to pick up the Bible. He read the first section he opened to, Paul, and made the decision to become a celibate and devoted servant of God. Augustine was a rationalist man throughout the work, and yet his most defining moment is one of pure faith. Only after years of personal struggle did Augustine arrive at his own religious revelation. This ultimately made his conversion much more profound. To fully and eloquently express himself and his thoughts was essential to his writings. Clearly, he used his knowledge of rhetoric and the arts to express his views more effectively. His prose is both immaculate and powerful. The result was a masterpiece that greatly affected the growth of early Christianity.

Effectiveness of the Opening Chapter to Great Expectations Essay

Charles Dickens ?Great Expectations? was written during the 19th century, published in weekly installments in a magazine. The novel is based around Pip, the opportunities he is presented with and the difficulties he has to face. In the first chapter we are introduced to Pip, and Magwitch, an escaped convict. The theme of crime and punishment immediately draws us in. Dickens uses a number of techniques to ensure the readers continuing interest, such as pathetic fallacy, metaphor, themes, symbolism, and adjectives. When the convict appears, Dickens describes him using powerful word such as ?stung? ?glared? ?growled? ?terror? and ?savage? which immediately grabs the readers attention. Pip is described here as ?the small bundle of shivers growing afraid of it all and beginning to cry? which makes the reader feel sympathy and encourages them to read on to find out what happens next. Pathetic fallacy is used in the first chapter as the windy cold gloomy marshes in which Pip first encounters the convict are perceived as a fearful, sinister place. In chapter 1 we are introduced to Pip, an orphan, and Magwitch, a convict, the two main characters and who the novel is based around. The events are described by Pip, the protagonist, whom we immediately feel sympathy for. Dickens writes ?My father's family name being Pirrip, and my Christian name Philip, my infant tongue could make of both names nothing longer or more explicit than Pip? ? his innocent childish tendencies appeal to the reader and makes them want to read on. As Dickens describes the bleak marshes in which Pip encounters the convict, a sinister, gloomy picture is painted in the readers mind. This is reinforced by the convicts threatening behavior towards Pip, as he threa... ...oung Pip and uses his power to his advantage when commanding him to do things for him. Pip is left weak and powerless. ?Parents and children?, another theme is shown during the first chapter, when Pip describes how his parents and five brothers died and he was brought up by his elder sister. The theme is revisited, concerning Ms Havisham, who adopted Estella when she was a baby and raised her as her own daughter. After reading the first chapter, the reader is left on a cliffhanger, and with unanswered questions. Will Pip keep his terrifying meeting with the convict a secret? Will he do what he has ordered him to do? How will their relationship develop? Dickens uses a variety of methods and techniques effectively, the reader is immediately drawn in. The techniques Dickens uses grab the readers attention and encites them to continue reading the rest of the novel.

elasticity of the airline industry Essay -- essays research papers

INTRODUCTION In 1973 Peter Drucker wrote that â€Å"mission and philosophy is the key starting point in business† and claimed that the lack of thought and attention given to them as the cause of many frustrations and failures in business. Subsequently Pearce (1982), David (1989), Campbell and Tawadey (1990) and others developed a body of knowledge on mission statements as a strategic tool essential for good management practice. The Ashridge model: MAINTAINING A CORPORATE FOCUS mission statement is a powerful instrument which can significantly influence the actions of an organisation Campbell and Tawadey (1990) put the mission statement into the context of a mission model, entitled "The Ashridge Mission Model", which comprises four elements: *Purpose describes why the organisation exists *Strategy focuses on how the purpose might be achieved *Values are what the organisation cherishes and believes in *Behaviour standards are the policies and patterns existing within the organisation which guide and colour how it operates *key issues are whether such elements have been addressed and whether the organisation's stance is clearly understood by all employees * Strong links between the four elements will result in a strong mission During the 1990s attitudes to company mission statements were generally positive with more companies using them and academics and consultants engaged in defining and evaluating them. Most of this was within the context of strategic management since mission and vision form a â€Å"framework within which strategising takes place† (Eden and Ackerman 1998) leading to the mission as a statement of strategic intent. Leading management authors advised that corporate headquarters draw up business plans which include broad statements of mission and strategy (Kotler 1991, Kay 1993, Lynch 2000, Thompson 2001). There were numerous definitions and categorisations of mission statements (Jauch and Glueck 1988, Johnson and Scholes 1999, De Wit and Meyer 1994, Barrow et al. 2001), but little discussion, still less empirical evidence, of how mission statements are used, by whom and their impact on performance. Research since 2000 has attempted to remedy the deficiency in the mission statement literature and to establish a link between mission statements and performance. Bart and Baetz’s (1998) in-depth study showed that the prese... ... 10-13. Campbell, A., & Yeung, S. (1991). Creating a sense of mission. Long Range Planning, 24(4), 10-20 David, F. R. (1989, February). How companies define their mission. Long Range Planning, 221 (113), 90. Drucker, P. (1973). Management tasks, responsibilities, and practices. New York: Harper Row. Eden, C. and Ackerman, F. (1998) The Journey of Strategic Management, London: Sage Publications Ltd. Krohe, J. Jr, ‘Do you really need a mission statement?’ Across the Board, Jul/Aug95, Issue 7, p16, 5p, 1c, 1bw. Klemm, M., Sanderson, S. and Luffman, G. (1991) ‘Mission statements: selling corporate values to employees’, Long Range Planning, 24(3): 73-78. Johnson, G. and Scholes, K. (2002) Exploring Corporate Strategy, Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire: Prentice Hall Europe. 6th edition Olins, W. (1990) Corporate Identity: Making Business Strategy Visible Through Design, London: Thames and Hudson. Pearce, J. (1982). The company mission as a strategic tool. Sloan Management Review, 23(3), 15-24. – Mary Klemm & John Redfearn Mission Statements: Do They Still Have a Role? Rigby, R. (1998) ‘Mission statements: the good, the bad and the ugly’, Management Today, March: 56-9.

Art Gallery Essay

In completion of this assignment the art gallery that I chose to visit was Mark Gallery in Englewood New Jersey. When you walk up to the establishment there are floor to ceiling glass windows that allow you to see everything inside. Facing the gallery there were so many colors that enticed you to enter. The arrangements and art work was spaced out nicely not causing clutter. This allowed you to individually take in each piece on by itself. All of the pieces were very nice but the artist that caught my attention was Mr. Mark Oberndorf. Oberndorf was born in New York but is currently residing in Bergren County New Jersey. He is a contemporary realist painter. Since the age of 10 he has been interested in the visual arts. At an early age some of his beginning works were illustrating his school yearbook to painting murals on his elementary school building. From 1995 to present Oberndorf has had art in various group and solo exhibitions and galleries. Currently his work is currently represented by Mark Gallery of Englewood New Jersey and Westwood Gallery in Westwood New Jersey. I found several of his pieces interesting because they were so basic. Not meaning they did not have levels or dimensions but they put me in the mind of simpler times and relatable memories. His pieces display three dimensional effects on a two dimensional surface with natural lighting effects. All painting are created with oil on linen canvass. Such pieces as the â€Å"Wyckoff Train Station†, â€Å"Dairy Queen† and â€Å"Gas† all represent the Bergren County area and parts of New York prior to the gentrification phase. â€Å"Gas† depicts an old two pump station as you would see it in the 1970’s. The piece of the â€Å"Dairy Queen† shows the classic franchise that was shaped somewhat of a barn prior to the new modernized look you may see today. I can remember as a kid having one of these in our neighborhood. We frequently visited it for a Sunday cone after attending church. I could not wait to stand in line for my soft serve on a cone. Lastly the â€Å"Wyckoff Train Station† is truly a classic single standing building not so big on the side of the tracks. Much dated compared to the enormous train stations and subway stations you see in the big cities such as New York. Through viewing these pieces I would think this is his way of holding on to a piece of history, before all common landmarks that held tradition and memories were torn down. Prior to gentrification in many of our communities there were several sites or establishments that were a common thread to our community. Be it the mom and pop store on the corner to the old fashioned ice cream stand. Gentrification has erased these things with more modernized establishments that help to bring economic wealth for some but forces others out of the neighborhoods and communities that they have been a part of for quite some time.

Love Is a Mixtape

The playback: late night, Brooklyn, a pot of coffee, and a chair by the window. I'm listening too mix tape from 1993. † This is Sheffield first line in his story of how his life is the connection to not only the world but the love of his life. The love of music is a connection most everyone finds themselves having. Rob Sheffield book Love Is a MIX Tape connects his passion for music and the only other thing that meant Just as much to him, his wife Renee.Sheffield has mix tapes to remind him of every part of his life that's worth remembering not only alone but of the life he spent with Renee. Rob and Renee were two totally deferent people. Rob was an Irish Catholic geek from Boston, and Renee was a country girl three months older than Rob. They grew up living two totally different lives with the same passion for one thing, Music. â€Å"We had nothing in common, except we both loved music. It was the first connection we had, and we depended on It to keep us together. We did a lo t of work to meet in the middle. Music brought us together.So now music was stuck with us. † Sheffield peg. 6. â€Å"Nothing connects to the moment like music† Sheffield peg. 12. This sentence in the book is nothing but true. Most people remember the memories thieve had or the time something took place because of the song they heard or were listening to during that event. Many of times I have related things to music and brought the musical connection into my life. Sheffield talks about how there were many of different mix tapes for different things like tapes for making out, dancing, falling asleep, doing the sizes and even walking the dog.I can personally connect to what he Is stating because I have a plastic for most of the things I do: working out, driving In my car, â€Å"depressing† plastic, playbills for certain concerts I'm going to, shower plastic and so many more. I believe people have these playbills or mix tapes for certain things because it Just goes with that moment in time and it seems like it Just fits, so I totally understand where Sheffield Is coming from. In the book Sheffield says, â€Å"Missy wrote a note to biggie in her booklet: â€Å"Rest in peace, Big.I hope you can hear my album, wherever you rest. † I felt the same way. † Sheffield peg. 1 68. This hit me in a deferent way than it may have hit other people. My friend committed seclude and every time I listen to his favorite songs or songs that were played at his funeral I wonder if he's looking down at me seeing me jam out to the songs and knowing I still care and think about him all the time. I also am the same way with my Great Grandma, every time I hear the song played at her funeral, I sit there and Just think about all of the great times we had when she was here.I feel like I had a special connection to Sheffield at this part of the book. Although some people use music as a connection to their lives, other people find 1 OFF something else that mea ner a lot to them to connect their elite too. A lot to people use books, writing, television shows and even reading to connect themselves to the world. Personally I use music as a connector to the world and Just life itself because like Sheffield stated in his book, every mix tape tells a story, if you put it together all music has a story to tell.I couldn't agree more. Some people may not look at it that way, and everyone is entitled to their own opinion, but I couldn't have said it a better way. Music may be taken in a different perspective by everyone, but no matter who you are, where you want to go in life, or what may be going on in your life right now, there will always be a song that can help you cope with your feelings. Even if music isn't your getaway, there will always be something you can relate to and lean on when things get a little harder than you expected.

Developments in the Last Century Essay

In detail this paper will show how the media played an important role in the culture today. It will answer the questions What were the major developments in the evolution of mass media in the last century? It will also ask How did each development influence American culture? And What is ment by the term media convergence and how it affected everyday life? How we conceive mass media comes in different ways such as: television (24 -hour news channels,) (hoarders to fashion models,) (music videos, nature documentaries, and reality shows). With videos on demand provided by the local cable company plus online streaming or down loading. Media literacy on one hand, is the growth of the internet as the primary information source exposes the public to increased levels of text, thereby increasing the level of literacy. What were the major developments in the evolution of mass media in the last century? The three major developments in the last century were (print, electrical, and digital). In terms of print media books are durable and contain a large amount of information. Books are expensive to produce. As for newspapers they are cheaper and can be made quickly. In the 1800 hundreds the newspaper faced a new threat called penny press. These papers were cheaper than the regular newspapers. The penny press also printed more of murder and scandal rather than of the political news of the day. Another form of mass media is the radio. Radio was not that expensive less than television and more available. Radio gave the people the opportunity to listen to a live event at the same time. Specifically the radio was made for advertising. Radio accessed a large audience. Radio also made listening in the privacy of one’s own home to be pleasure seeking and curious. With radio one can listen to a story and imagine in one’s own head how the story plays out, thus creating imagination. Television is another form of mass media. The television was invented in 1923. Broadcast television was the most dominant form of mass media. By 1946 more than 17,000 televisions existed. There were at the time only three major networks, they controlled more than 90% of the news programs. By the 1960s television televised the conflict of the Vietnam war. The telegraph is part of the mass media seen also. Any part of information received via radio, television, newspaper, and Internet have been considered to be mass media. In today’s society more people tend to receive their news and other information via the Internet. How did each development influence American culture? Each development influenced the American culture in many ways. The way we receive the news is very different today. Newspapers came a long way from just black and white to color. Before anything what we had was newspaper that is how one would get the facts regarding what is going on in the world. With newspaper they do not get to see the vast aura of colors as television. The newspaper made people want to read what was written. For the television world was more in tuned to today’s society. Television has the visual aspect and as for the news per say the electronic media has come full circle from radio to television. For print people did not have to rely on teachers, preachers, or story tellers. They were allowed to read what was published and interpret it how they seen it. The telegraph led to radio, fax machine, and phones. Instant communication is how print and electrical mass media influenced America. They are able to put more information out there along with visual aspects . What is ment by the term media convergence and how it affected everyday life? Media convergence is the merging of all the technology together. A merger of mass media. It affects us in many ways such as fax machines and e-mail. We as humans no longer have to hand write a letter any more when we have e-mail. We went from writing letters by hand to typing them on a type writer to writing an e-mail on computers to texting on phones. With the simple click of a button the letter is sent through millions of power lines to get to the person it is intended for. Media convergence is a link between old and new technologies. They come together to share the same tasks and resources. There are five kinds of convergences they are Economic, Organic, Cultural, Global, and Technological. a) Economic involves such things as internet, phone, and cable regarding the provider one chose for these services. b) Organic occurs when one can stream video listen to music and text a friend all at the same time. c) Cultural occurs when a person turns a book into a movie, film, and even toys such as Spiderman. d) Global occurs when the process of geographically distance cultures influencing one another despite the distance that physically separates them. e) Technological occurs when the merging of technologies come together, such as the ability to watch television shows online on sites like crackle. Conclusion In conclusion the media has changed in many ways, such as how one receives the news and communicates with one another. We have gone from the telegraph to radio, television, phones, and computers regarding how we receive information. It is completely up to the individual how one use the various forms of media technologies out there today. However, a few things have stayed the same major media companies own popular media content sites such as Hulu, and YouTube and control access to a great deal of online information. Perhaps the standards for literacy will shift to an emphasis on simplicity and directness.

No Child Left Behind and English Language Learners

No Child Left Behind ( NCLB ) was intended to be instruction ‘s reply to â€Å" divide but equal. † Between 1979 and 2007, the figure of school age kids who spoke a linguistic communication other than English at place increased from 3.8 to 10.8 million ( NCES, 2009 ) . This represents an addition from 9 per centum to 20 per centum for this clip period. Spanish is the first linguistic communication of about 12 per centum of all pupils in public schools. More than 400 different linguistic communications are spoken by the 5.5 English Language Learners ( ELL ) in the United States. 49 per centum of Hispanic 4th graders were classified as proficient in basic reading compared to 77 per centum proficient white pupils on the same trial. In math, 69 per centum of Hispanic 4th graders were adept compared to 91 per centum for white pupils ( NCES, 2009 ) . Merely 4 per centum of 8th class ELLs and 20 per centum of pupils classified as â€Å" once ELL † scored at the proficient or advanced degrees on the reading part of the 2005 National Assessment for Educational Progress ( NCES, 2009 ) . ELLs have some of the highest drop-out rates. They besides are more disposed to be placed in lesser accomplishment groups. Since NCLB was implemented in 2001, there appears to be an addition in the figure of high school ELLs non having a sheepskin because they failed high-stakes trials even though satisfactorily finishing all other graduation demands. The United States is going more and more diverse both ethnically and linguistically. The per centum of ELLs in schools is on the rise more fleetly than the existent Numberss. While the figure of pupils with restricted ability in English has grown exponentially across the United States, their degree of academic accomplishment has lagged radically behind their linguistic communication bulk equals. ELLs academic public presentation degrees are significantly below those of their equals in about every step of accomplishment. In the 2005 National Assessment of Educational Progress, merely 29 per centum of ELLs scored at or above the basic degree in reading, compared to 75 per centum of non-ELLs ( NCES, 2009 ) . The Good The NCLB Act has drawn a good trade of coveted consciousness to the achievement spread of ELL pupils. Under NCLB, the academic advancement of every kid, including those larning English, will be assessed in reading, math and finally scientific discipline and societal surveies. This will supply parents and instructors with information as to how good the pupils are executing and provinces will be held accountable for consequences ( NCLB, 2001 ) . The jurisprudence has generated some benefits for ELLs by pulling attending to these pupils, and doing their public presentation count. NCLB requires that pupils are to be tracked as a subgroup and instructors and decision makers are more concerned about what is working and what is non working. They besides are more aware of looking for what could work with ELLS. Most provinces now have criterions for kids larning English as a 2nd linguistic communication. Annual appraisals based on those criterions and marks are to guarantee more pupils are come oning and making English linguistic communication proficiency over clip ( NCLB, 2001 ) . NCLB requires that all kids, including ELLs range high criterions in English linguistic communication humanistic disciplines and mathematics. In add-on, Title III of NCLB requires ELLs to make proficiency in English in several countries including reading, composing, hearing, and speech production and that their advancement be assessed yearly ( Abedi, 2004 ) . Schools and territories must assist ELLs, among other subgroups ; do changeless betterment toward this aim as measured by public presentation on province trials, or hazard austere effects. States and territories must guarantee that there are extremely qualified instructors in all schoolrooms, including those with ELLs. NCLB does non order a peculiar method of direction for larning English and other academic topics. Districts and schools have the privilege to take the methods of direction that best meets the demands of pupils, including methods of teaching in another linguistic communication or in English ( NCLB, 2001 ) . The jurisprudence is flawed but it does concentrate on English linguistic communication scholars and makes their achievement count. The Bad Ells are the fastest turning population in our public schools and many of them are really born in the United States, the kids of immigrants ( NCES, 2009 ) . The challenges for ELLs are hard. This population continues to swell quickly in volume, with mostly surging concentrations in a little figure of provinces. Accurate ELL designation remains a challenge. As presently implemented, ELLS are to be assessed under the same conditions in testable topics as adept English talkers. Many provinces and school territories are non tracking high school graduation rates for ELLs ; the fastest turning population of pupils ( Zehr, 2009 ) . NCLB was supposed to rectify this. Merely eleven provinces met their answerability ends for ELLs under NCLB in the 2007-2008 school twelvemonth ( Zehr, 2009 ) . NCLB intended to do teacher quality betterment by holding instructors attain â€Å" extremely qualified † position. But â€Å" extremely qualified † does non intend the instructor of ELLs is extremely qualified to learn ELLs ( Harper & A ; de Jong, 2009 ) . High bets proving is coercing direction to alter from enquiry, lifelong larning to learning to the trial by utilizing a method called â€Å" drill and putting to death † . Teaching to the trial is extinguishing the chance for instructors to learn pupils higher order believing accomplishments ( Ravitch, 2010 ) . This reduces clip that instructors are able to learn creativeness, self guided enquiry, and motivational subjects for all pupils. Ells are being taught trial taking schemes alternatively of content related aims. The usage of trial homework worksheets and â€Å" bore and kill † exercisings does non turn to the demand for direction in academic English. To do equal annual advancement ( AYP ) , each territory and school is required to demo that every subgroup has met the province proficiency end in reading and math. Accurately measuring these pupils in English, which is compulsory by jurisprudence, is really demanding, dearly-won, and clip consuming. The cogency of AYP is in hazard when schools inconsistently label English proficient pupils ( Abedi, 2004 ) . NCLB gives provinces authorization to categorise ELLs. Different provinces and even school territories within a province usage different ELL categorization standards. Besides, the ELL subgroup stableness remains inconsistent when ELL pupils reach proficiency degree and are moved out of this group. This straight affects the truth of AYP coverage ( Adebi, 2004 ) . States with high ELL pupil populations in their school territories face greater challenges when learning ELLs and doing AYP as compared to provinces with sparse ELL pupil populations ( Abedi, 2004 ) . ELLs need clip and readying to larn academic English. Unfortunately, in many ways, NCLB is increasing the accomplishment spread by puting greater demands on instructors to supply trial tonss that will lend to the school doing AYP. Possibly, the most toxic defect in NCLB is its legislative bid that all pupils in every school must be adept in reading and mathematics by 2014, including pupils with particular demands, pupils whose native linguistic communication is non English, pupils who are stateless and missing in social advantage, and pupils who have every social advantage but are non interested in school assignment ( Ravitch, 2010 ) . If they are non, so their schools and instructors will endure the effects. What Can Be Done? Teachers must concentrate on learning reading. Abedi ( 2004 ) states that ELL pupils who are better readers perform better. Reading is the key to all academic topics and without adept reading accomplishments, all pupils, including ELLs will make ill on all trials ( Abedi, 2004 ) . Teachers should be learning and non worrying about ways to do certain that they make the tonss needed in order to maintain instruction. Focus on ELLs public presentation, both for persons and groups to place forms of betterment or deficiency of betterment, ideally utilizing multiple steps ( Adebi, 2004 ) . The ELL subgroups must stay stable over clip. When a pupil ‘s degree of English proficiency has improved to a degree considered proficient, that pupil is moved out and non counted in that subgroup ( Abedi, 2004 ) . Testing must be just for all pupils particularly ELLs. Academic accomplishment trials are constructed for native English talkers. Modifying linguistic communication on trial inquiries to decrease the degree of gratuitous lingual and cultural prejudice could increase public presentation of ELLs ( Abedi, 2004 ) . Lack of academic English accomplishments topographic point ELLs at a greater disadvantage for understanding what is being assessed. Testing should be fair for all pupils. NCLB has placed undue trial public presentation force per unit area on schools with big Numberss of ELL pupils. This is particularly unrealistic when schools may still fight with the same limited school resources as earlier. We must hold a clear vision of what is considered a good instruction ( Ravitch, 2010 ) . Goals should be meaningful and come-at-able and non based on a apparently unapproachable ideal. As a state of immigrants, it is perfectly indispensable that we meet the demands of those pupils larning English as a 2nd linguistic communication. It has long been a challenge within the schoolroom to at the same time learn English alongside the other mandated topics such as mathematics, composing, scientific discipline, and societal surveies. Along with this, best pattern learning modes must be identified and used and instructors must be given appropriate preparation to implement these best patterns. Along with this, support must be provided to adequately implement these learning best patterns. Teachers must hold preparation in order to transport out these aims. Last, lawgivers must look at NCLB and find its achievability. Is the authorization for each pupil to be adept in English linguistic communication humanistic disciplines and mathematics by the twelvemonth 2014 idealistic or realistic?